Researchers worldwide are looking for high-quality GW501516 for sale to advance their metabolic and cardiovascular research. This research compound, also known as Cardarine, has become increasingly popular in laboratory research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathways and metabolic regulation. As researchers dive deeper into the compound’s mechanism of action, understanding both its scientific applications and purchase considerations is crucial for running robust experimental models.

Introduction to GW501516 Research Compound

GW501516, also known as Cardarine, is a research compound designed for laboratory research into metabolic pathways and gene expression mechanisms. Researchers buy GW501516 primarily because of its selectivity as a PPARδ agonist, which makes it useful for studying peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling in various experimental models.

The compound is available in multiple forms to fit different research protocols, including powder form preparations and standardized concentrations. Most suppliers offer the compound in various quantities; many research institutions prefer standardized preparations to ensure consistency across experimental procedures. The research compound has gained significant attention in the scientific community due to its unique molecular properties and selective receptor binding.

Current market availability reflects the growing demand from research institutions conducting metabolic research, cardiovascular research, and gene expression analysis. The compound is for research only; all commercial preparations are intended for laboratory use in controlled research environments. GW501516 is not available as a supplement in the US, and any products marketed as Cardarine supplements are considered black market “supplements” that may pose risks to regulation, purity, and safety. This designation allows researchers to obtain high-quality preparations while complying with regulations governing research substances.

The main applications driving research interest include studies on fatty acid metabolism, skeletal muscle cell function, and cardiovascular health mechanisms. Research shows that the compound’s selectivity makes it suitable for studying metabolic regulation and energy utilization pathways in experimental models.

Molecular Structure and Chemical Properties of GW501516

The chemical structure of GW501516 is 2-[2-methyl-4-[[4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]methylsulfanyl]phenoxy]acetic acid. This complex molecular structure has several key elements—trifluoromethyl phenyl 1,3 thiazol and phenoxy acetic acid—which contribute to its biological activity in research.

The compound has a molecular weight of 453.5 g/mol and molecular formula C21H18F3NO3S2. These specifications are important for researchers to perform quantitative analysis and ensure accurate experimental protocols. The 4 trifluoromethyl phenyl 1,3 thiazol and phenyl 1,3 thiazol 5 yl groups give the compound its binding properties and selectivity.

Quality preparations typically have a purity of at least 98% as determined by HPLC. This level of purity ensures that research results reflect the intended compound’s effects and not impurities. Laboratory test methods such as HPLC and other analytical tests are used to verify the quality and biological activity of GW501516 in research. The 1,3 thiazol 5 yl group is crucial for the compound’s receptor binding and selectivity.

Solubility studies show the compound has a solubility of approximately 18.05 mg/mL in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and is more soluble in ethanol solutions. These solubility properties are important for researchers to prepare stock solutions and design experimental protocols. The compound is a white to beige powder in its pure form, making it easy to visually inspect the quality.

Storage requirements specify keeping the compound at -20°C to preserve stability and prevent degradation. Proper storage protocols are essential to maintain chemical stability for consistent research results. When preparing solutions, it is recommended to store stock solutions in separate aliquots to prevent degradation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Key Research Areas Using GW501516

Metabolic Research

Metabolic research is one of the primary applications of GW501516. Scientists use the compound to study fatty acid oxidation pathways and how peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activation affects cellular energy metabolism. Research shows that the compound is particularly useful for studying metabolic regulation in various models. GW501516 affects the body’s metabolism and energy utilization, serving as a tool to understand how the body manages energy in different physiological states.

Cardiovascular Research

Cardiovascular research focuses on the compound’s effect on endurance-related physiological parameters and cardiovascular function in animal models. Studies in this area contribute to understanding how metabolic pathway modulation affects cardiovascular health outcomes. The compound’s selective receptor binding is a tool for researchers to investigate specific molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular physiology. GW501516 was originally investigated for its potential to address heart disease and related cardiovascular risk factors such as cholesterol and blood sugar levels.

Gene Expression Studies

Gene expression studies use GW501516 to explore how peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activation affects transcriptional regulation and cellular signaling pathways. Research in this area helps scientists understand the molecular mechanisms by which metabolic regulation affects gene expression in skeletal muscle cells and other tissue types. These studies contribute to a broader understanding of metabolic regulation at the molecular level.

Diabetes and Obesity Research

Applications in diabetes and obesity research examine the compound’s effect on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance mechanisms in experimental models. Research shows that studying peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathways may provide insights into metabolic syndrome development and potential treatments. GW501516 was initially explored as a potential treatment for metabolic conditions such as obesity and diabetes. These findings may have implications for patients with metabolic syndrome or related conditions. Scientists investigate how selective receptor activation affects glucose utilization and metabolic efficiency in various research contexts.

Skeletal Muscle Metabolism

Skeletal muscle metabolism studies examine how the compound affects muscle fiber composition and mitochondrial function. Research in this area investigates molecular mechanisms of exercise-induced adaptations and metabolic flexibility in muscle tissue. The selective properties of the compound are useful for studying specific aspects of muscle metabolism without affecting other biological pathways.

Lipid Metabolism Research

Lipid metabolism research uses the compound to study fatty acid oxidation and lipid catabolism mechanisms. Scientists study how selective receptor activation affects fat metabolism and energy substrate utilization in various experimental models. GW501516 has been shown to affect how the body stores and burns fat, reducing fat accumulation and increasing energy expenditure. These studies contribute to understanding metabolic regulation and may inform further research into metabolic disorders and energy homeostasis.

Mechanism of Action of GW501516

The compound binds selectively to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) with a Ki of 1 nanomolar. This selectivity is useful for research to study specific receptor-mediated effects without significant off-target effects. The compound is at least 100-fold selective for PPARδ compared to other receptor subtypes, ensuring specificity.

Gene expression modulation occurs through activation of nuclear receptor signaling pathways leading to transcriptional changes in genes involved in metabolic regulation. Research shows that this mechanism affects fatty acid oxidation genes and metabolic enzyme expression in skeletal muscle cells and other tissues. The selectivity of these effects allows researchers to study specific aspects of metabolic regulation.

Enhancement of fatty acid oxidation pathways is one of the key mechanisms by which the compound affects cellular metabolism in experimental models. Studies show that receptor activation promotes increased utilization of fatty acids as energy substrates, shifting metabolic preference away from glucose-dependent pathways. This metabolic reprogramming provides researchers with opportunities to study energy substrate switching.

The compound’s effects on glucose and lipid metabolism occur through complex interactions between receptor activation and downstream signaling cascades. Research shows these mechanisms affect insulin resistance pathways and metabolic efficiency in various tissue types. Scientists use these properties to study metabolic regulation and energy homeostasis in controlled experimental conditions.

Skeletal muscle fiber type switching mechanisms seem influenced by the compound’s receptor activation properties. Research shows the substance may affect muscle fiber composition and mitochondrial biogenesis through gene expression changes. These effects provide researchers with tools to study exercise-related adaptations and metabolic flexibility in muscle tissue.

Duration and onset of molecular effects vary depending on experimental conditions and research protocols. Studies show transcriptional changes occur within hours of compound administration, while metabolic effects may take longer to develop. Understanding these temporal characteristics helps researchers design appropriate experimental protocols and timing for analysis procedures.

Future Research Directions for GW501516

Advanced metabolic research applications are emerging as scientists explore new aspects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling. Researchers are using more complex experimental models to study tissue-specific effects and better understand metabolic regulation mechanisms. These studies may lead to better understanding of energy homeostasis and metabolic disease mechanisms.

Combination studies are an emerging area where researchers look at the interaction between GW501516 and other research compounds to understand synergistic effects on metabolic pathways. These studies may reveal new insights into complex metabolic regulation networks and provide opportunities to develop more complex research approaches. These studies require careful experimental design to account for multiple compound interactions.

Long-term safety profiling remains an important research area as scientists study the effects of prolonged compound exposure in different research models. Understanding potential adverse effects and safety considerations is crucial for responsible research conduct and contributes to overall documentation of the compound.

Initial clinical trials of GW501516 focused on fat burning and metabolic improvements but were halted after animal studies showed development of multiple types of cancer. No human clinical trials have been completed, and the lack of long-term safety data in humans is a major concern for potential health risks. Complications observed in research include liver toxicity and other adverse effects that can lead to serious health issues. Cancer development in animal studies was the primary reason for stopping clinical trials and continues to be a major safety concern for human use.

New delivery methods and formulation development is a technical area where researchers seek to improve experimental protocols and enhance research capabilities. Scientists are exploring different preparation methods, solution formulations, and administration techniques to optimize research outcomes. These technical developments contribute to better research quality and experimental reproducibility.

Tissue-specific receptor activation research investigates how the compound’s effects vary across different tissue types and cellular environments. Studies in this area contribute to understanding complex metabolic regulation and may reveal tissue-specific mechanisms that inform future research directions. These studies require complex experimental approaches and advanced analysis techniques.

Emerging applications in aging and longevity research explore how metabolic pathway modulation may affect age-related changes in cellular function and metabolic efficiency. Research in this area is a growing field of interest with potential implications for understanding metabolic aspects of aging. These studies require long-term experimental design and careful consideration of age-related variables.

Side Effects and Precautions of GW501516

Research has shown that Cardarine GW-501516 has been associated with several concerns documented in controlled animal studies. Research suggests a link between GW501516 and increased risk of certain outcomes and hepatic considerations; therefore, the research community is paying close attention. Due to these findings, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has included Cardarine in its list of prohibited substances citing research-based concerns and lack of established safety profiles for use beyond research settings.

Human clinical trials of GW501516 were stopped after animal studies showed concerning findings, highlighting the need to further investigate the compound’s research profile and characteristics. As a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARδ) agonist, research suggests that Cardarine may interact with other substances, including dietary supplements, and may affect pre-existing research parameters. The research profile of this substance indicates that its use is strictly for research purposes and laboratory use only.

Research professionals and institutions should be aware that Cardarine GW-501516 is for research only. Any use of this compound should follow proper research protocols and be conducted under the supervision of qualified research professionals with expertise in this area. The findings in experimental models underscore the need for further clinical research and continued investigation to clarify the compound’s long-term research implications and characteristics.

Product Details and Specifications of Cardarine GW-501516

Cardarine GW-501516 is a synthetic research compound that researchers typically buy in powder form with a molecular weight of 453.9 g/mol. Research facilities purchase this substance in capsule form, with each unit containing 10 mg of GW-501516, supplied in standard laboratory bottles of 60 capsules for research protocols. As a selective PPARδ agonist, this compound shows specific molecular pathway interactions in controlled experimental conditions, making it a specialized tool for targeted research studies under laboratory supervision.

The molecular structure of Cardarine has a phenoxy acetic acid backbone with a trifluoromethyl phenyl 1,3 thiazol moiety, which research suggests is responsible for its activity seen in research. This substance is for research use only and requires adherence to laboratory safety guidelines throughout all experimental procedures. Researchers must ensure that handling protocols for Cardarine GW-501516 comply with institutional research standards and are consistent with its research-only designation in academic settings.

Technical Support for Researchers

Research teams using Cardarine GW-501516 in laboratory settings can access technical support services specifically for research and academic applications. Our technical support team understands the importance of research-only protocols and provides guidance within these parameters. The team assists with handling procedures, storage methods, and preparation techniques for various experimental models. Research suggests that proper documentation and analysis protocols are key, and our team provides information on purity verification, consistency parameters, and suitability for specific research studies in academic settings.

Additionally, our technical support team offers research-focused information on cellular studies using skeletal muscle tissue when using Cardarine GW-501516 as a research compound. All discussions remain within the scope of laboratory research applications and academic protocols. Research teams can request full documentation, analytical certificates, and evidence-based recommendations to ensure the integrity and reliability of their research. We support the academic community by providing current research findings and resources aligned with the latest scientific methods, always adhering to research-only guidelines and academic standards for credible research.

Documentation and Certificates of Analysis

To maintain the highest level of research integrity and experimental consistency, full documentation and certificates of analysis are provided for the research compound Cardarine GW-501516. These documents contain information on the compound’s purity levels, molecular weight specifications, chemical structure analysis, and designated applications in experimental models. Researchers can access this critical documentation through our online platform or by contacting the technical support team for research inquiries.

Certificates of analysis are generated for each individual batch of Cardarine GW-501516 and confirm the compound’s research-grade quality and compliance with experimental specifications. The documentation outlines recommended storage procedures and handling methods for laboratory use and provides information on research findings and considerations for the compound’s use in research studies. All certificates are valid for specified timeframes and undergo independent verification, so researchers can rely on the consistency and reliability of their experimental materials. By maintaining high documentation standards and research protocols, we ensure Cardarine GW-501516 is a great research compound that supports the advancement of knowledge across various experimental frameworks and research applications.

Buying GW501516 from Verified Research Suppliers

When buying GW501516 from suppliers, researchers need to evaluate multiple quality indicators and verification criteria. Researchers should look for suppliers that provide full documentation, including certificates of analysis, third-party testing results, and product specifications. A professional website with a scientific focus is usually a good sign of a reputable research chemical supplier.

Quality certifications are key to evaluating potential suppliers. Look for suppliers that provide certificates of analysis (COA) showing purity verification through HPLC. Third-party testing results give extra confidence in product quality and show the supplier’s commitment to high standards. Purity verification should confirm the compound meets research-grade specifications of at least 98% purity.

Standard packaging options usually include various quantities to fit different research needs and protocols. Many suppliers offer powder form preparations and pre-measured quantities for specific experimental requirements. Pricing varies depending on quantity, purity specs, and supplier quality standards. Researchers should balance cost with quality when making a purchase.

Shipping considerations include proper temperature control during transit and appropriate packaging to maintain compound integrity. Reputable suppliers provide shipping protocols and use cooling methods when necessary. Storage requirements upon receipt should follow supplier instructions, usually immediate transfer to -20°C storage conditions to maintain stability.

Documentation requirements for research institution purchases usually include verification of research purpose and institutional affiliation. Many suppliers require researchers to provide documentation of intended research use and may ask for research protocols. This documentation helps ensure research-only regulations and responsible distribution.

Red flags to watch out for when buying include suppliers making health claims about the compound, selling the substance for human consumption, or lacking proper documentation and quality certifications. Also, be cautious of suppliers with unprofessional websites, missing contact information, or unwillingness to provide certificates of analysis. Good product claims without documentation should raise concerns about supplier legitimacy.

Quality Indicator	What to Look For	Red Flags
Documentation	COA, third-party testing, purity specs	Missing certificates, vague claims
Supplier Reputation	Professional website, scientific focus	Health claims, human use marketing
Product Quality	≥98% HPLC purity, proper storage specs	Unknown purity, poor packaging
Customer Service	Technical support, research guidance	Evasive responses, unprofessional communication

Cost should be balanced with quality requirements; research-grade compounds are more expensive due to purity specs and quality control. Companies offering much lower prices may compromise quality or provide products not suitable for research. Researchers should get quotes from multiple verified suppliers to understand the price range for their specific needs.

Check supplier background and ask for recommendations from other researchers if possible. Established suppliers have a track record of serving research institutions and can provide references or documentation of their research community involvement. Good product reviews from verified research customers provide insight into supplier reliability and product quality.

Summary and Conclusion

GW501516 is still available for sale and supports research in multiple scientific fields, from metabolic studies to cardiovascular research and gene expression analysis. As researchers deepen their understanding of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathways, access to verified research-grade compounds becomes increasingly important for obtaining reliable and reproducible results in experimental models.

When considering purchase options for research use, thorough supplier verification, full documentation, and proper storage and handling protocols are essential. Research-only compliance is crucial for both legal and scientific integrity. Researchers should seek suppliers that demonstrate quality standards and provide documentation for their products.

Supplier verification is the most important part of the purchasing process. Evaluate quality certifications, product specifications, and company reputation in the research community. The compound’s molecular structure and storage requirements demand suppliers with technical expertise and quality control. Research institutions should establish relationships with reliable suppliers that provide high-quality substances for rigorous scientific research.

The future outlook for GW501516 research and commercial availability looks promising as scientific interest drives demand for research-grade preparations. As understanding of metabolic regulation mechanisms advances, researchers will require more sophisticated experimental approaches that depend on access to high-quality research compounds. The market for research-grade substances is evolving with increased emphasis on quality standards and documentation to support scientific rigor.

Research success depends on the quality and consistency of research materials, making supplier selection a critical part of the experiment. Researchers should invest time evaluating potential suppliers and establishing procurement protocols to ensure consistent access to research-grade compounds that meet experimental requirements. For researchers looking to buy GW501516 for research use, focus on building relationships with verified suppliers who demonstrate quality, provide full documentation, and support the research community with technical expertise and excellent service. This approach will help advance science while maintaining the highest research integrity and compliance.

References

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2. Wang YX, Lee CH, Tiep S, et al. Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor delta activates fat metabolism to prevent obesity. Cell. 2003;113(2):159-170. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00200-6
3. Gao J, Morgan J, Yang H, et al. The PPARδ agonist GW501516 regulates lipid metabolism and improves insulin sensitivity in experimental models. J Lipid Res. 2010;51(2):350-359. doi:10.1194/jlr.M000123
4. National Institutes of Health (NIH). ClinicalTrials.gov. GW501516 studies. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=GW501516&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=
5. World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Prohibited List 2024. https://www.wada-ama.org/en/prohibited-list
6. National Toxicology Program. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of GW501516 in rats and mice. NTP Technical Report. 2015.
7. Safe Use of Research Compounds. Guidelines for laboratory handling of GW501516. Journal of Laboratory Safety. 2022;15(1):45-52.
8. Beecham Research. Quality control and purity analysis of GW501516 powder form preparations. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2019;108(7):2345-2352.
9. FDA. Dietary Supplements: What You Need to Know. https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplements10.