{"id":1364,"date":"2026-03-19T17:11:31","date_gmt":"2026-03-19T17:11:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/?p=1364"},"modified":"2026-09-08T21:28:49","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T21:28:49","slug":"ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"GHK-Cu Copper Peptide: Mechanism of Action, Skin Regeneration &#038; Collagen Research"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>For laboratory and research use only. Not for human consumption.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>It was 1973, he was looking at liver tissue, and he stumbled onto a copper-bound tripeptide hiding in human plasma.<\/p>\n<p>The peptide was <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/ghk-cu-50mg\/\">GHK-Cu<\/a> (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex). It\u2019s tiny \u2014 three amino acids and a copper ion. And somehow it touches over 4,000 human genes. This article breaks down what researchers actually know about it so far, what the data looks like, and why it keeps showing up in new studies.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\" id=\"ez-toc-container\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" href=\"#\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg class=\"list-377408\" fill=\"none\" height=\"20px\" style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"20px\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg baseprofile=\"tiny\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" height=\"10px\" style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" version=\"1.2\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"10px\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#What_Is_GHK-Cu_Peptide\">What Is GHK-Cu Peptide?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#How_GHK-Cu_Was_Discovered\">How GHK-Cu Was Discovered<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#GHK-Cu_Chemistry_and_Structure\">GHK-Cu Chemistry and Structure<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#How_GHK-Cu_Actually_Works\">How GHK-Cu Actually Works<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#Other_Research_Areas_Worth_Knowing_About\">Other Research Areas Worth Knowing About<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#GHK-Cu_in_Multi-Peptide_Blends\">GHK-Cu in Multi-Peptide Blends<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#Glow_vs_Klow_%E2%80%94_Which_One\">Glow vs. Klow \u2014 Which One?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#Safety_%E2%80%94_What_Researchers_Should_Watch_For\">Safety \u2014 What Researchers Should Watch For<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#Product_Specs\">Product Specs<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#So_Where_Does_GHK-Cu_Stand\">So Where Does GHK-Cu Stand?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/ghk-cu-copper-peptide-research-guide\/#References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_GHK-Cu_Peptide\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_GHK-Cu_Peptide\"><\/span>What Is GHK-Cu Peptide?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>GHK-Cu isn\u2019t lab-designed \u2014 it\u2019s a copper(II) complex of the peptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, and it shows up in blood, saliva, and urine. The wrinkle (no pun intended) is that levels crash as we get older. When you\u2019re 20, plasma concentration sits near 200 ng\/mL. Fast forward to 60 and it\u2019s fallen to about 80 ng\/mL. Sixty percent gone. Coincidence? Researchers don\u2019t think so, and the gene expression data backs them up.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Property<\/th><th>Value<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Peptide Sequence<\/td><td>Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Abbreviation<\/td><td>GHK-Cu<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>CAS Number<\/td><td>49557-75-7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Molecular Formula (GHK)<\/td><td>C<sub>14<\/sub>H<sub>24<\/sub>N<sub>6<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Molecular Weight (free peptide)<\/td><td>340.38 g\/mol<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Molecular Weight (GHK-Cu complex)<\/td><td>~401.93 g\/mol<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Metal Ion<\/td><td>Copper(II) \/ Cu<sup>2+<\/sup><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Source<\/td><td>Naturally occurring in human plasma<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Classification<\/td><td>Copper-binding tripeptide<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_GHK-Cu_Was_Discovered\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_GHK-Cu_Was_Discovered\"><\/span>How GHK-Cu Was Discovered<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pickart wasn\u2019t even looking for a peptide \u2014 that\u2019s the irony. He had old liver tissue and young liver tissue, and wanted to know why they made proteins so differently. So he took a fraction of human serum albumin, applied it to the aged cells, and watched. The old cells started acting young again. Different protein synthesis patterns. As if decades of aging had been rolled back in a dish.<\/p>\n<p>Four more years of work and by 1977 he\u2019d isolated the active component. A tripeptide. Glycine, histidine, lysine \u2014 bound to copper. Pickart would spend the next 46 years expanding on that discovery (he died in 2023). Every time someone looked at a new system, GHK-Cu was doing something interesting there too.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GHK-Cu_Chemistry_and_Structure\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GHK-Cu_Chemistry_and_Structure\"><\/span>GHK-Cu Chemistry and Structure<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Glycine, histidine, lysine. That\u2019s it \u2014 the whole peptide. Three amino acids in a line. You could sketch it on a napkin. What makes it interesting isn\u2019t the peptide itself; it\u2019s what happens when copper enters the picture.<\/p>\n<p>The Cu(II) ion grabs hold through three nitrogen atoms. One from histidine\u2019s imidazole ring. One from glycine\u2019s alpha-amino group. One from the deprotonated amide bond between the first two residues. The resulting binding constant sits around log K = 16.44 at physiological pH, which is biochemistry\u2019s way of saying \u201cgood luck pulling that apart.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Why care about the copper? Because it runs essential machinery. Copper isn\u2019t optional in biology. It\u2019s infrastructure. And GHK-Cu is one of the main vehicles that delivers it where it\u2019s needed.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_GHK-Cu_Actually_Works\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_GHK-Cu_Actually_Works\"><\/span>How GHK-Cu Actually Works<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Most peptides bind a receptor. One receptor, one pathway, one downstream effect. GHK-Cu doesn\u2019t play that game. It acts more like a system-wide signal \u2014 touching multiple pathways at once, which is part of why its effects are so broad and, honestly, a bit unusual for something this small.<\/p>\n<h3>Copper Delivery<\/h3>\n<p>Think of GHK-Cu as a copper taxi. It grabs Cu<sup>2+<\/sup> and drops it off wherever cells are running low. GHK-Cu basically keeps the supply chain from breaking.<\/p>\n<h3>Gene Expression \u2014 and This Is Where It Gets Wild<\/h3>\n<p>Researchers ran GHK through the Broad Institute\u2019s Connectivity Map database. What they found stopped people in their tracks: <strong>4,048 human genes<\/strong> affected by a single tripeptide. That\u2019s 6% of the genome.<\/p>\n<p>Six percent. From three amino acids and a copper ion.<\/p>\n<p>Which, if you think about it, is exactly what Pickart saw in his liver cells back in \u201973. Same observation, just now we can see the machinery behind it.<\/p>\n<h3>Extracellular Matrix Remodeling<\/h3>\n<p>Simultaneously, MMP activity (the enzymes that digest matrix) gets regulated alongside their inhibitors (TIMPs). Too much building and you get fibrosis. GHK-Cu walks the line \u2014 organized remodeling instead of chaos.<\/p>\n\n<p>This is the most studied application, and the data is extensive.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n\n<li><strong>Diabetic rat models:<\/strong> PIC dressings with GHK showed higher glutathione and ascorbic acid levels, better epithelialization, and stronger fibroblast activation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>New Blood Vessel Formation<\/h3>\n\n<p>Flip it on and you get a cascade \u2014 cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, the works. GHK-Cu dials it back.<\/p>\n<p>Not just dampening the fire.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Other_Research_Areas_Worth_Knowing_About\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Other_Research_Areas_Worth_Knowing_About\"><\/span>Other Research Areas Worth Knowing About<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p>SOD activity up. Glutathione levels up.<\/p>\n\n<p>This one caught several research groups off guard.<\/p>\n<h3>Nervous System<\/h3>\n<p>Still early days here.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GHK-Cu_in_Multi-Peptide_Blends\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GHK-Cu_in_Multi-Peptide_Blends\"><\/span>GHK-Cu in Multi-Peptide Blends<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>One peptide doing a lot? Good. Multiple peptides hitting different mechanisms at the same time? That\u2019s where multi-compound blends come in. Loti Labs offers two that build on GHK-Cu\u2019s foundation.<\/p>\n<h3>Glow Blend<\/h3>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/glow-blend-70mg-ghk-cu-50mg-bpc-157-10mg-tb-500-10mg\/\">Glow Blend (70mg)<\/a> stacks three peptides with different jobs:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Component<\/th><th>Amount<\/th><th>What It Brings to the Table<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>GHK-Cu<\/td><td>50mg<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/review-of-bpc-157-buy-bpc-157-peptide-online\/\">BPC-157<\/a><\/td><td>10mg<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/tb-500-peptide-benefits-unleash-research-for-tissue-repair-knowledge\/\">TB-500<\/a><\/td><td>10mg<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Why these three? They don\u2019t overlap much. <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/bpc-157\/\">BPC-157<\/a> drives blood vessel formation and growth factor signaling \u2014 different axis entirely. <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/tb-500-5mg\/\">TB-500<\/a> works the structural side through actin regulation and cell migration.<\/p>\n<h3>Klow Blend<\/h3>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/klow-blend-80mg-ghk-cu-50mg-bpc-157-10mg-tb-500-10mg-kpv-10mg\/\">Klow Blend (80mg)<\/a> takes the Glow formula and adds a fourth component:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Component<\/th><th>Amount<\/th><th>What It Brings to the Table<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>GHK-Cu<\/td><td>50mg<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/review-of-bpc-157-buy-bpc-157-peptide-online\/\">BPC-157<\/a><\/td><td>10mg<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/tb-500-peptide-benefits-unleash-research-for-tissue-repair-knowledge\/\">TB-500<\/a><\/td><td>10mg<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/kpv-peptide-top-benefits-and-uses-for-gut-health-and-inflammation\/\">KPV<\/a><\/td><td>10mg<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Why add <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/kpv-5mg\/\">KPV<\/a>?<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Glow_vs_Klow_%E2%80%94_Which_One\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Glow_vs_Klow_%E2%80%94_Which_One\"><\/span>Glow vs. Klow \u2014 Which One?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Safety_%E2%80%94_What_Researchers_Should_Watch_For\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Safety_%E2%80%94_What_Researchers_Should_Watch_For\"><\/span>Safety \u2014 What Researchers Should Watch For<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>It\u2019s naturally present in human blood, so the toxicity profile starts in a pretty good place. Preclinical data confirms that. But \u201clow toxicity\u201d doesn\u2019t mean \u201czero things to think about.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>First, carboxypeptidases will tear this peptide apart \u2014 fast. If your experimental design doesn\u2019t account for enzymatic degradation, your results will be all over the place. The effects are concentration-dependent in ways that aren\u2019t always linear, so skipping concentration-response curves in your model is asking for trouble.<\/p>\n<p>Third \u2014 and people forget this one \u2014 copper adds up. Yes, it\u2019s an essential trace element. Too much copper creates its own set of problems.<\/p>\n<p>Storage? Nothing complicated. The lyophilized powder is stable under normal storage conditions.<\/p>\n<p>One more thing: GHK-Cu is an investigational research compound. Not FDA-approved. <strong>Laboratory research use only.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Product_Specs\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Product_Specs\"><\/span>Product Specs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Available as standalone peptide, capsules, or in pre-formulated blends \u2014 depends on the study design:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Product<\/th><th>Format<\/th><th>Amount<\/th><th>Price<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/ghk-cu-50mg\/\">GHK-Cu 50mg<\/a><\/td><td>Lyophilized powder<\/td><td>50mg<\/td><td>$49.99<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/ghk-cu-capsules\/\">GHK-Cu Capsules<\/a><\/td><td>Capsules (2mg\/capsule, 30 count)<\/td><td>60mg total<\/td><td>$59.99<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/glow-blend-70mg-ghk-cu-50mg-bpc-157-10mg-tb-500-10mg\/\">Glow Blend 70mg<\/a><\/td><td>Multi-peptide blend<\/td><td>70mg (GHK-Cu 50mg + BPC-157 10mg + TB-500 10mg)<\/td><td>$149.99<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/klow-blend-80mg-ghk-cu-50mg-bpc-157-10mg-tb-500-10mg-kpv-10mg\/\">Klow Blend 80mg<\/a><\/td><td>Multi-peptide blend<\/td><td>80mg (GHK-Cu 50mg + BPC-157 10mg + TB-500 10mg + KPV 10mg)<\/td><td>$199.99<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>All Loti Labs compounds go through third-party purity and identity testing. Wondering how to vet peptide suppliers in general? We put together a <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/how-to-evaluate-peptide-research-supplier-guide-2026\/\">supplier evaluation guide<\/a> that covers what actually matters.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_Where_Does_GHK-Cu_Stand\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_Where_Does_GHK-Cu_Stand\"><\/span>So Where Does GHK-Cu Stand?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Fifty years in, and researchers are still pulling new findings out of a compound made from three amino acids and a copper ion. Pickart couldn\u2019t have predicted the gene expression data when he was watching liver cells in 1973. Nobody could have. A tripeptide affecting 6% of the human genome? That\u2019s not the kind of thing you put in your grant proposal and expect to be taken seriously. But here we are.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/glow-blend-70mg-ghk-cu-50mg-bpc-157-10mg-tb-500-10mg\/\">Glow<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/product\/klow-blend-80mg-ghk-cu-50mg-bpc-157-10mg-tb-500-10mg-kpv-10mg\/\">Klow<\/a> blends stack complementary mechanisms. Either way \u2014 there\u2019s a reason this peptide keeps showing up in the literature after half a century.<\/p>\n<p>Curious about the other peptides we covered? Here\u2019s our deep dive on <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/review-of-bpc-157-buy-bpc-157-peptide-online\/\">BPC-157<\/a>, our breakdown of <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/tb-500-peptide-benefits-unleash-research-for-tissue-repair-knowledge\/\">TB-500<\/a>, and a look at <a href=\"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/kpv-peptide-top-benefits-and-uses-for-gut-health-and-inflammation\/\">KPV research<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span>References<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Pickart L. <em>J Biomater Sci Polym Ed.<\/em> 2008;19(8):969-988. doi:10.1163\/156856208784909435<\/li>\n<li>Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. <em>Biomed Res Int.<\/em> 2015;2015:648108. PMID: 26236730; PMC4508379<\/li>\n<li>Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. <em>Int J Mol Sci.<\/em> 2018;19(7):1987. PMID: 29986520; PMC6073405<\/li>\n<li>Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. <em>Cosmetics.<\/em> 2015;2(3):236-247.<\/li>\n<li>Maquart FX, Pickart L, Laurent M, et al. +. <em>FEBS Lett.<\/em> 1988;238(2):343-346. PMID: 3169264<\/li>\n<li>Sim\u00e9on A, Wegrowski Y, Bontemps Y, Maquart FX. +). <em>J Invest Dermatol.<\/em> 2000;115(6):962-968. PMID: 11121126<\/li>\n<li>Lamb JR, Crawford ED, Peck D, et al. The Connectivity Map: using gene-expression signatures to connect small molecules, genes, and disease. <em>Science.<\/em> 2006;313(5795):1929-1935. PMID: 17008526<\/li>\n<li>Pickart L, Margolina A. <em>Int J Mol Sci.<\/em> 2018;19(7):1987. PMID: 25815981<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Disclaimer: This article is for informational and educational purposes only. GHK-Cu is sold as a research compound for laboratory investigation. It is not intended for human consumption and has not been approved by the FDA for any medical use. All research cited refers to preclinical and in vitro studies. Loti Labs does not make any claims regarding the use of this compound outside of a controlled research setting.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For laboratory and research use only. Not for human consumption. It was 1973, he was looking at liver tissue, and he stumbled onto a copper-bound tripeptide hiding in human plasma. The peptide was GHK-Cu (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex). It\u2019s tiny \u2014 three amino acids and a copper ion. And somehow it touches over 4,000 human genes. [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1379,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-peptides"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1364"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2429,"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1364\/revisions\/2429"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotilabs.com\/resources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}